Cilia at the Crossroads of Tumor Treating Fields and Chemotherapy

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and lethal primary brain tumor in adults, requires multi-treatment intervention which unfortunately barely shifts needle overall survival. The treatment options after diagnosis surgical resection (if possible) include irradiation, temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, now treating fields (TTFields). TTFields are electric delivered locoregionally to head/tumor via a wearable medical device (Optune<sup>®</sup>). Overall, concomitant of TMZ target cells but spare normal cell types brain. Here, we examine whether cilia, microtubule-based “antennas” found on both GBM cells, play specific roles sensitizing treatment. We discuss evidence supporting cilia being exploited by promote their growth resistance. review how affected treatments as monotherapy or modalities. also focus latest findings indicating differential regulation ciliogenesis TMZ. Future studies await arrival intracranial models determine if carry prognostic capacity.